A young man is holding a piece of hamburger in his hands. The concept of unhealthy food, diet, overeating, gluttony, dependence on food. Fast food restaurant, snack bar.

Pediatricians are sounding the alarm over the long-term health consequences of processed foods in children's diets, warning that the convenience of packaged meals may come at a high cost to their well-being.

Gabrielle Pina, DO, a pediatric hospitalist at Loma Linda University Children’s Hospital, sees the effects firsthand. “Our biggest concern is the risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes, which not only affect children’s physical health but also their emotional well-being,” she said. “Bullying and peer pressure tied to weight issues can impact a child's scholastic performance and overall development.”

The overconsumption of processed foods, often high in sugar, unhealthy fats, and artificial additives, has been linked to a range of health problems beyond obesity. Conditions such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and even behavioral disorders are increasingly being connected to diets rich in artificial ingredients and excessive sugars.

The impact on growth and brain development

While ensuring children have enough to eat is the top priority, Pina stresses the importance of quality nutrition.

“Fresh fruits, vegetables, and homemade meals, can significantly impact a child's development. Nutrients from whole foods support brain growth, improve memory retention, and enhance scholastic performance,” Pina said.

Research has also suggested that high sugar consumption, particularly from processed foods, can lead to behavioral issues.

“Temper tantrums, outbursts, and even symptoms resembling ADHD have been linked to artificial dyes and excessive sugar intake,” Pina said. Among the most concerning additives is red dye, which has been scrutinized for potential effects on hyperactivity in children.”

Food deserts and limited access to nutrition

For many families, access to fresh, healthy foods remains a challenge. “There are areas where the closest place to buy groceries is a liquor store,” Pina said, highlighting the struggles of families living in food deserts. “Fruits and vegetables are simply not as accessible, making it difficult for parents to provide nutritious meals.”

The role of breakfast and key nutrients

Pina believes breakfast is the most important meal of the day.

“It replenishes the body’s energy stores after fasting overnight, helping maintain stable blood sugar levels and supporting cognitive function,” she said.

Children need a well-balanced diet rich in essential nutrients, including vitamins A, D, E, and K, as well as iron, calcium, and protein to support bone growth and muscle development. However, with many kids spending less time outdoors, vitamin D deficiencies are becoming more common.

Encouraging healthier eating habits

For parents struggling with picky eaters, Pina recommends leading by example.

“Children model their parents’ behaviors. If you want your child to eat vegetables, you need to eat them too.” She also advises involving children in meal preparation, making the experience interactive and enjoyable.

For families with limited time and resources, small changes can make a big impact.

“Avoid buying chips and processed snacks. Stock the house with healthier alternatives like baby carrots, bell peppers, apples, and tangerines. If there’s no other option, kids will naturally gravitate towards better choices.”

With childhood obesity and diet-related illnesses on the rise, Pina emphasizes the importance of proactive nutrition. While societal and economic barriers can make healthy eating challenging, small, intentional changes can help set children on a path to a healthier future.